History of computer

Computer is an electronic device that is designed to reduce our work with getting information from it. The first Computer that is designed is analytical engine. The history of computer is very interesting because lot of generations have come after invention of computer and the history of computer includes so many new technologies that is very helpful and knowledgeable. Charles Babbage is called the “Grand Father” of the computer because the first computer is designed by him. Basically the working of computer is like the life cycle of man. Here A computer can takes the raw data as input and processes these data under the control of set of instructions. Simply we can say that the computer is machine that stores the data for long period because the human memory is limited and not remembers the data for long period. Today computer has becomes part of our life. Computer is made of many components which work together in coordination for the working. For the information about the computer you must have to know about history of computer. Computer is used for getting information, for entertainment, for playing games etc.

 Overview of page content

·        Working of the computer

·        History of  computer

Working of the computer:

For working of computer we need the input devices for raw data, processing device like CPU and output devices to display the data.

INPUT DEVICES: Input Devices takes data from user in form of instructions ,In form of clicks depending upon the device used. The input can be either in form of data or instruction. Some of the input devices are keyboard, Mouse and scanner.

Keyboard and mouse are the most common and important input devices. Which is mostly used by the users to give the input to the computer. There are some more input devices like scanner, joystick, microphone etc.

PROCESSING DEVICE: Processing device helps in to process the   information in a computer as per the instruction given by the computer. Mostly   

CPU processes the information in computer. It can do the calculations ,  comparisons and makes logical decision. The central processing unit (CPU) is also called the brain of the computer. The CPU processes the data taken from necessary storage device like hard disk, pen drive.

OUTPUT DEVICES: Output devices display information or data. Common and important output devices are monitor and printer. The input device inputs the data and processing device processes the data and after processing the output device  takes the input from input devices and shows the output on the screen of the computer. 

History of computer

The history of computer includes the five generations that is invented after getting more involved in the computer. History of computer includes :-

1.    First Generation: Vacuum tubes(1940-1956)

2.    Second generation: Transistors(1956-1963)

3.    Third generation: Integrated Circuits(1964-1971)

4.    Fourth generation: Microprocessor(1971-Present)

5.    Fifth generation: Artificial intelligence(Present and beyond)

1.   FIRST GENERATION: First generation computers are that computers which is   relied on machine language ,the lowest programming language understand by computer. This type of computer can solve the one problem at one time. In this type of computers the inputs are based on the punched cards and outputs are based on printouts. 

2.    SECOND GENERATION: In second generation the vacuum tubes should be replaced with the transistors. The transistors was invented at bell labs in 1947.In comparison of first generation computer the size of computer will be reduced because it is smaller in size and more energy efficient. In second generation the inputs are also based on the punched cards and outputs are displayed on printouts.

3.   THIRD GENERATION: In third generation the size of computer will be more smaller than the second generation computer because in the third generation computer the integrated circuits are replaced with the transistors. In third generation instead of using the punched cards and printouts user can give their inputs through the keyboard and outputs are displayed on the monitor screen.

4.  FOURTH GENERATION: In all the history of computer this generation is became very popular as it is totally depend upon the microprocessors which is easy to carried and in the fourth generation of the computer the intregrated circuits are transformed into the single chip. In first generation the entire room was filled with the tubes but after the microprocessors development the size of the computers will be very small. In 1981 IBM introduced the first computer for home use. Now this type of computer is used for most of the work.

5.  FIFTH GENERATION: This is our future generation of computer based on the artificial intelligence of the computer and still in development. The use of superconductors instead of semiconductors helps in to make the artificial intelligence a reality. In the future generation the quantum technology is used that is very superior than present technology. The main aim to develop the fifth generation computer is to develop that devices which responds the natural languages and inputs.